tl;dr: Canada's Bill C-22 (Lawful Access Act) has passed the House of Commons and is now before the Senate, granting the government power to compel telecoms and messaging apps to assist with surveillance, mandate encryption backdoors (as long as they don't cause "systemic insecurity"), and retain user metadata for up to a year. The bill could also enable warrantless data-sharing with U.S. law enforcement without Canadian court oversight. The CCLA and Citizen Lab are calling for Part 2 of the bill to be withdrawn entirely, citing constitutional and cybersecurity concerns.