tl;dr: The author outlines a six-step problem-solving framework (understand info, gather missing info, define the problem, define an approach, set a goal, act with urgency) that he applies iteratively to product work, treating new information as a reason to loop back and revise. He notes the most common failure modes on his team are unclear problem definitions and overly complex approaches, and argues that welcoming being wrong is essential because it sharpens problem definition and accelerates learning.