tl;dr: University of Utah researchers used DNA sequencing to identify Lanmaoa asiatica, an edible bolete mushroom eaten in China and the Philippines, as the culprit behind reliably reported "Lilliputian hallucinations"—vivid visions of tiny people that also appear in Papua New Guinea folklore and certain neurological conditions. Chemical and genetic analysis found none of the known psychoactive compounds (including psilocybin), suggesting an entirely novel hallucinogen. Isolating it could shed light on how the brain generates these specific hallucinations across cultures and diseases.