tl;dr: Norway created the global salmon sushi market through a 1980s government campaign targeting Japan, and now supplies over half the world's Atlantic salmon in an $18 billion industry that's second only to oil. But open-net fjord farms are dumping waste that fuels algal blooms, depleting oxygen, and spreading disease, while the volume of wounded "production fish" has doubled in under a decade. The industry is experimenting with closed submersible pens like Hofseth's "Egg," though these cost 10x more than traditional pens and scientific disputes over environmental damage continue between regulators and industry lobbyists.